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King TallowKing Tallow
Homemade tallow under eye cream
Easy DIY Recipe

How to Make Under Eye Cream with Beef Tallow

Gently melt 2 tablespoons of grass-fed leaf-fat tallow under 140 °F, stir in 1 teaspoon cold-pressed rosehip seed oil, 2 drops mixed-tocopherol vitamin E, and 2 drops frankincense essential oil off the heat. Pour into a 0.5 oz amber jar. Active time is under 8 minutes; the cream lasts 3 months and out-performs $90 commercial eye creams because rosehip's naturally occurring trans-retinoic acid acts on collagen while tallow's palmitoleic acid restores the thinnest skin on the body.

By Miles Carter , Holistic Chef & DIY Skincare Formulator Last tested April 15, 2026 9 batches made
Total time
15 minutes
Active time
8 minutes
Yield
0.5 fl oz (≈ 120 applications)
Shelf life
3 months unrefrigerated
Cost / batch
$3.80
Difficulty
easy

Why this recipe actually works

The skin around the eye is approximately 0.5 mm thick, about half the thickness of cheek skin, and has fewer sebaceous glands. That makes it the first place to show dehydration, the first to show fine lines, and the most reactive to harsh actives. A successful eye cream has to deliver collagen-supportive ingredients in a vehicle gentle enough that the skin tolerates it nightly. Tallow plus rosehip is exactly that combination.

Rosehip delivers natural trans-retinoic acid

Cold-pressed Rosa rubiginosa seed oil contains naturally occurring trans-retinoic acid, the same compound prescription tretinoin converts to inside the skin. At the trace concentration in rosehip it builds collagen I and accelerates keratinocyte turnover without the irritation, peeling, and photosensitivity of pharmaceutical retinoids. This is why rosehip is the single most evidence-supported plant oil for crow's feet.

Source [1]

Tallow rebuilds the lipid barrier of thin skin

The eye area loses moisture roughly 3× faster than cheek skin because of fewer sebaceous glands. Tallow's palmitoleic acid (C16:1, ≈ 3% of fatty acids) is biomimetic to human sebum (≈ 20% palmitoleic) and integrates into the lamellar lipids of the stratum corneum within minutes. This is direct sebum supplementation rather than a synthetic occlusive layer.

Source [2]

Frankincense down-regulates collagen-degrading enzymes

Boswellic acids in Boswellia sacra and B. carterii inhibit MMP-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-1), the enzyme that breaks down dermal collagen in response to UV and oxidative stress. Topical frankincense at 0.5% has documented effects on wrinkle depth in 12-week trials.

Source [3]

Vitamin E protects the unsaturated fats and the skin

Mixed tocopherols scavenge peroxyl radicals that would attack the polyunsaturated linolenic acid in rosehip and the palmitoleic acid in tallow. Two drops per 0.5 oz jar extends shelf life to 3 months and adds antioxidant defense to the area most exposed to airborne pollutants and screen-emitted blue light.

Why Make Under Eye Cream with Tallow?

Fine-line reduction

Rosehip's trans-retinoic acid plus frankincense's MMP inhibition deliver measurable wrinkle softening in 8-12 weeks of consistent nightly use, with no peeling and no daytime photosensitivity.

De-puffing

Cold application combined with massage along the orbital bone moves lymph and reduces morning puffiness. Tallow's anti-inflammatory CLA reduces baseline inflammation that drives chronic puffiness.

Dark-circle softening

Carotenoids in rosehip and tallow brighten skin tone over 6-8 weeks. True vascular dark circles will not disappear but the surrounding skin becomes more even-toned, reducing contrast.

Barrier repair for retinoid recovery

If you use prescription retinoids elsewhere on the face, this cream applied around the eye prevents the cracked-rice texture that makes eye-area retinoid use intolerable for many people.

Cost

About $0.03 per application versus $0.50-$3.00 for commercial eye creams in the same lipid-rich anti-aging category.

Ingredients

Grass-fed leaf-fat tallow

2 tbsp (1 fl oz) (27 g) $1.20

The biomimetic base. Provides palmitoleic acid (C16:1), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), and conjugated linoleic acid for direct sebum supplementation to the under-eye area, which has the lowest sebum production of any facial zone.

What to look for
  • 100% grass-fed and grass-finished, pasture tallow has 2-3× the CLA and a richer carotenoid load
  • Rendered specifically from leaf or kidney fat, these depot fats are the whitest, mildest, and most pharmacologically clean
  • Cosmetic-grade or self-rendered through cheesecloth at least twice for clarity
  • Pale ivory; firm at fridge temp, soft at 70 °F
Substitutions
Swap in Tradeoff
Bison tallow Slightly higher palmitoleic acid; about 2× the price
Emu oil Highest C16:1 of any animal fat (≈ 7%) but liquid at room temp, won't set into a cream alone, blend 50/50 with shea butter for structure

Search 'cosmetic-grade grass-fed tallow leaf fat' on Amazon, Etsy, or direct from regenerative ranches.

Cold-pressed rosehip seed oil

1 tsp (≈ 5 ml) (5 g) $1.20

Supplies naturally occurring trans-retinoic acid for collagen I synthesis, plus 35-45% linolenic acid (omega-3) for barrier repair. The single most evidence-backed anti-aging ingredient in eye-area DIY skincare.

What to look for
  • Cold-pressed only, solvent-extracted rosehip loses the retinoic acid fraction
  • Deep amber to red-orange color (the carotenoid signal); pale yellow rosehip has been refined and is dead
  • From Rosa rubiginosa or Rosa moschata, Chilean Patagonian sources test highest
  • Refrigerate the bottle after opening; rosehip oxidizes faster than any other ingredient here
Substitutions
Swap in Tradeoff
Sea buckthorn oil (use 1/2 tsp instead) Even higher carotenoid load and ≈ 30% palmitoleic acid; stains briefly orange, use at night only
Bakuchiol 1% in jojoba Plant retinol-mimetic; pregnancy-safer; gentler but slower-acting than rosehip retinoic acid

Mixed-tocopherol vitamin E oil

2 drops (0.1 ml) $0.30

Antioxidant. Scavenges peroxyl radicals attacking the unsaturated fats in tallow and rosehip. Extends the cream's shelf life and adds direct antioxidant defense to skin under chronic oxidative stress from screens, pollution, and UV.

What to look for
  • Mixed tocopherols (d-alpha, d-gamma, d-delta), NOT synthetic dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate
  • Sourced from non-GMO sunflower or rice bran
  • Amber color; faint grassy scent
Substitutions
Swap in Tradeoff
Rosemary CO2 extract (1 drop) Stronger antioxidant action; very faint herbal scent

Frankincense essential oil (optional)

2 drops (0.1 ml) $0.60

Boswellic acids inhibit MMP-1 collagen-degrading enzyme and have documented anti-wrinkle effects. At 2 drops in 0.5 oz this is approximately 0.5%, a clinically-studied concentration that the eye area tolerates.

What to look for
  • Boswellia sacra (Oman) or B. carterii (Somalia), therapeutic-grade, GC/MS-tested
  • NOT B. serrata (used internally for joints), different boswellic acid profile
  • Stored in dark glass; oxidizes within 18 months of opening
Substitutions
Swap in Tradeoff
Skip entirely Recommended for pregnancy, very reactive eyes, or contact-lens wearers who notice irritation
Helichrysum italicum (1 drop) Premium scar/wrinkle oil; very expensive but highly effective

Caffeine powder (optional, advanced)

1/16 tsp (≈ 0.3 g) (0.3 g) $0.50

Vasoconstrictor that reduces puffiness and the appearance of vascular dark circles. Optional; requires advance dissolving in a few drops of warm jojoba before adding.

What to look for
  • Pure cosmetic-grade anhydrous caffeine powder
  • Dissolved into 1/4 tsp jojoba oil warmed to 100 °F before adding to cream
  • Skip if pregnant, breastfeeding, or sensitive to caffeine topically
Substitutions
Swap in Tradeoff
Skip entirely Lose the depuffing edge but the cream still works on lines and barrier
Green tea CO2 extract Adds caffeine plus EGCG antioxidant; harder to source

Equipment

Tool Why you need it
Small double boiler or glass bowl over saucepan Indirect heat keeps tallow under 140 °F so rosehip's retinoic acid isn't degraded when added
Toothpick or tiny whisk This batch is too small for a regular whisk; a wooden skewer works perfectly
0.5 oz amber or cobalt glass jar Tinted glass blocks UV that would oxidize rosehip's carotenoids and retinoic acid; small jar means cream stays fresh
Measuring spoons (1/4 tsp accuracy) At this small a scale, precision matters more than a scale
Instant-read thermometer (recommended) Confirms you stay below 140 °F when adding rosehip, the make-or-break for retinoic acid preservation

Recommended tallow for this recipe

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Step-by-step recipe

  1. 1

    Set up gentle indirect heat

    Add 1 inch (2.5 cm) of water to a small saucepan and bring to a bare simmer. Place a small heatproof glass bowl on top so it touches but does not sit in the water.

    Target temp
    Water: ≈ 185 °F / 85 °C
    Duration
    2 minutes
    What you'll see
    Wisps of steam; no rolling bubbles
    Watch out for
    A rolling boil pushes the bowl past 175 °F and starts to oxidize lipids the instant you add them
  2. 2

    Melt the tallow gently

    Add 2 tablespoons of leaf-fat tallow to the bowl. Stir with a small silicone spatula every 15 seconds.

    Target temp
    115-130 °F / 46-54 °C, just enough to liquefy
    Duration
    2-3 minutes
    What you'll see
    Tallow is fully liquid, clear pale gold, no opaque streaks
    Watch out for
    Do not exceed 140 °F. Tallow melts at ≈ 105 °F; there is zero benefit to going hotter and you damage what you'll add next
  3. 3

    Remove from heat and cool 60 seconds

    Lift the bowl off the saucepan, dry the bottom, and set it on a folded towel. Wait 60 seconds.

    Target temp
    Drops to about 110 °F / 43 °C
    Duration
    1 minute
    What you'll see
    Bowl is warm but holdable for 5+ seconds without flinching
    Watch out for
    Adding rosehip to anything hotter than 120 °F begins to denature the retinoic acid, this 60 seconds is the most important wait in the recipe
  4. 4

    Stir in rosehip and vitamin E

    Add 1 teaspoon rosehip seed oil and 2 drops mixed-tocopherol vitamin E. Whisk gently with a toothpick for 10 seconds.

    Target temp
    ≈ 105-110 °F
    Duration
    10 seconds
    What you'll see
    Mixture deepens to amber-gold from rosehip's carotenoids
    Watch out for
    If still steaming, wait 30 more seconds, water in an anhydrous cream is a microbial growth medium
  5. 5

    Optional: add frankincense (and dissolved caffeine)

    Add 2 drops frankincense and, if using, 1/16 tsp caffeine pre-dissolved in a few drops of warm jojoba. Stir 5 seconds.

    Target temp
    Below 100 °F / 38 °C
    Duration
    5 seconds
    What you'll see
    Faint frankincense scent rises; mixture remains uniformly amber
    Watch out for
    Hot mixture flashes off the volatile aromatic top notes, wait until you can comfortably hold the bowl in your palm
  6. 6

    Pour and set

    Pour into a clean 0.5 oz amber glass jar, leaving 1/8 inch headspace. Leave the lid off for 3 hours at room temperature.

    Target temp
    Room temperature
    Duration
    3 hours unsupervised
    What you'll see
    Cream sets to a soft, scoopable solid that takes a fingerprint at light pressure
    Watch out for
    Sealing while warm traps condensation against the lid and creates a microbial pocket, let it set fully open first
  7. 7

    First use

    Tap a rice-grain-sized amount with the ring finger (lightest finger) and pat, never rub, along the orbital bone, working from inner corner to outer. Apply morning and night.

    Duration
    Per application
    What you'll see
    Cream disappears within 60 seconds; no shine after 5 minutes
    Watch out for
    The eye area is delicate, pulling, rubbing, or stretching the skin during application creates the lines you're trying to prevent

Pro tips

  • Use only grass-fed leaf fat tallow for face products
  • Apply tiny amount with ring finger (lightest touch)
  • Pat gently, don't rub or pull delicate eye skin
  • Use morning and night for best results

Troubleshooting

Every batch is slightly different. Here's how to diagnose and fix the most common problems.

Problem Fix
Cream stings or makes eyes water on application Apply only on the orbital bone, never inside the bone. Skip frankincense for the next batch and try again. If still stings, run a pure tallow + rosehip + vitamin E version with no essential oils at all.
Milia (tiny white bumps) appeared after 2-3 weeks Use only a rice-grain amount; apply only at night for 4 weeks; gently exfoliate the area with a damp washcloth in the morning. If milia persist, switch to a thinner serum, see your dermatologist for extraction.
Cream feels heavy under concealer Apply at night only. In the morning use a pea-sized hyaluronic acid serum or a tiny dab of plain jojoba, both layer cleanly under makeup.
Color shifted from amber to brown over 6 weeks If still smells fresh, use within 2 weeks. Next batch: store in a dark drawer (not on the vanity), add 3 drops vitamin E instead of 2, and make smaller jars more often.
Tiny gritty texture in the jar Warm the jar in a hot-water bath until liquid (≈ 110 °F), stir, then refrigerate 30 minutes to set in fine crystals. Store in a stable-temperature drawer thereafter.
Dark circles look worse, not better, after a month Vascular dark circles need professional treatment (laser, PRP). Pigmentation-based circles do respond, give it 8-12 weeks. Stop temporary warmth by reducing rosehip to 1/2 tsp.
Cream made my retinol regimen burn more, not less Use the simple variant (no rosehip, tallow + vitamin E + jojoba only) on retinoid nights as a buffer. Reserve the full anti-aging variant for non-retinoid nights.
Smells beefy when applied Source cosmetic-grade leaf-fat tallow next batch. Re-render existing tallow through cheesecloth twice. Properly rendered tallow has only the faintest clean-meat note.
Cream separated, clear oil floating on top Stir back together with a clean toothpick. Next batch, set in the fridge for the first 20 minutes to lock the emulsion before slow setting at room temp.
Eyes feel dry the next morning despite using cream Run a humidifier in the bedroom (40-50% RH). Apply cream to just-damp skin (mist with thermal water first). Dry climate plus heated air defeats any cream.

Variations

Anti-aging intensive (40+)

For: mature / deep lines
Ratio
2 tbsp tallow : 1.5 tsp rosehip : 1/2 tsp sea buckthorn
Essential oils
2 drops frankincense Boswellia sacra, 1 drop helichrysum italicum, 2 drops vitamin E
Notes
Doubled retinoic acid load via extra rosehip and sea buckthorn carotenoids. Helichrysum's italidiones support tissue regeneration. Use at night only; SPF mandatory in the morning.

Depuffing morning cream

For: puffy mornings / late nights
Ratio
2 tbsp tallow : 1 tsp rosehip : 1/16 tsp caffeine pre-dissolved in 1/4 tsp jojoba
Essential oils
2 drops vitamin E only (skip frankincense)
Notes
Caffeine vasoconstricts to reduce puffiness within 15 minutes. Store in the fridge and apply cold for amplified depuffing. Tap with a metal spoon back over the eye for added cold-massage effect.

Sensitive / pregnancy-safe

For: sensitive / reactive / pregnant
Ratio
2 tbsp tallow : 1 tsp rosehip : 2 drops vitamin E
Essential oils
None, skip frankincense
Notes
Skips frankincense (uterine-stimulant concern at high oral doses; topical exposure is low risk but minimize during pregnancy). The pure tallow + rosehip + vitamin E version is the safest eye cream you can make pregnant or breastfeeding.

Bakuchiol night cream (retinol-free anti-aging)

For: any 30+ wanting retinoid effects without retinoid
Ratio
2 tbsp tallow : 1 tsp rosehip : 1/2 tsp bakuchiol 1% in jojoba : 2 drops vitamin E
Essential oils
2 drops frankincense (optional)
Notes
Bakuchiol is a plant-derived retinol mimetic; combined with rosehip's natural retinoic acid you get measurable wrinkle reduction at 12 weeks without the photosensitivity of synthetic retinol.

Brightening (dark circle support)

For: any with pigmentation circles
Ratio
2 tbsp tallow : 1 tsp rosehip : 1/2 tsp sea buckthorn
Essential oils
2 drops carrot seed, 1 drop vitamin E
Notes
Sea buckthorn and carrot seed both deliver carotenoids. Pair with morning SPF; pigmentation results show at 6-8 weeks. Will not help vascular dark circles, only pigmentation-based ones.

Minimalist (3 ingredients)

For: beginners / very reactive
Ratio
2 tbsp tallow : 1 tsp rosehip : 2 drops vitamin E
Essential oils
None
Notes
The default starter formula. No fragrance, no allergens. If you've never used a tallow eye product, start here for 4 weeks before considering the frankincense or caffeine variants.

Use, care, and storage

How to use it (per shave)

  1. 1. Cleanse with a gentle non-foaming cleanser; pat the eye area so it is just-damp.
  2. 2. Apply hydrating toner or thermal water spray; do not let the eye area fully dry.
  3. 3. Scoop a rice-grain amount with the ring finger (lightest pressure of all fingers).
  4. 4. Warm between fingertips for 3 seconds until the cream is just liquid.
  5. 5. Pat, do not rub, along the orbital bone from inner corner outward.
  6. 6. Apply only on the bone; never inside the bony orbit and never on the eyelid itself.
  7. 7. Wait 60 seconds for absorption before applying SPF (morning) or pillow contact (night).
  8. 8. For depuffing, refrigerate the jar and apply cold; tap with a clean metal spoon back for added cold-massage.

Storage

Sealed amber or cobalt glass jar in a dark drawer, away from steam, sunlight, and heat. Bathroom counter is acceptable in winter; move to a bedroom drawer in summer or if your bathroom climbs above 80 °F or stays steamy. The depuffing variant lives in the fridge.

Extend shelf life

Add 3 drops vitamin E instead of 2. Store half the batch in the fridge and refill the bedside jar from the fridge stash every 4 weeks. Make smaller batches more often, eye creams degrade faster than face creams because you typically use less per day.

Rancidity test

Sniff the jar weekly. Fresh cream has a faint nutty-grassy scent with a faint frankincense top note. Rancid smells like crayons, oil paint, or old cardboard, that is the polyunsaturated fats oxidizing into aldehydes. Discard at the first hint.

Discard when

Any visible mould, sour or fermented odour, or color shift to muddy brown. Do not skim and reuse, mould runs throughout.

Cost vs commercial

Homemade
$7.60 /oz
$0.03 per use
Premium
$480.00 /oz
$4.00 per use
e.g. La Mer The Eye Concentrate, Augustinus Bader The Eye Cream, Drunk Elephant C-Tango
Drugstore
$35.00 /oz
$0.30 per use
e.g. CeraVe Eye Repair Cream, Olay Eyes Brightening

Annual savings: $1,400-$2,900 vs premium commercial eye creams for twice-daily use

Factor Homemade
Skin-identical lipids Yes (palmitoleic, CLA, oleic, stearic)
Natural retinoid Yes (rosehip trans-retinoic acid)
Synthetic preservatives None (anhydrous, vitamin E only)
Shelf life 3 months
Microplastic / silicone load Zero

Safety considerations

Patch test on inner forearm 48 hours before eye use

Apply a rice-grain amount to the inner forearm. Wait 48 hours (longer than face-cream patch test because eye skin is thinner and more reactive) for redness, itch, or bumps.

Allergen warnings

Frankincense allergy is rare but documented; if you've reacted to incense or resin in the past, skip it. Tree-nut allergy can rarely cross-react with tallow's beef proteins (extremely rare but possible).

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Use only the unscented variant in pregnancy. Avoid frankincense, helichrysum, rosemary, and clary sage essential oils throughout pregnancy. Rosehip oil is considered pregnancy-safe topically; bakuchiol is safer than synthetic retinoids but discuss with your OB.

Photosensitivity

Rosehip's natural retinoic acid mildly increases sun sensitivity. Wear SPF 30+ daily and consider sunglasses with UV protection. Citrus essential oils should never be added to an eye cream, they are strongly photosensitizing and can blister thin eye skin in UV.

Pet safety

Tea tree and citrus oils are toxic to cats; neither belongs in this recipe. Frankincense is generally safe but store the jar where pets cannot lick it.

Contact lens warning

Wait 15 minutes after application before inserting contact lenses. Essential oil residue on fingers can transfer to lenses and cause significant irritation.

Medical disclaimer

This recipe is for cosmetic use only. It is not a treatment for blepharitis, ocular rosacea, dermatitis, or any other condition. Consult an ophthalmologist or dermatologist if you have a diagnosed eye-area skin condition.

Frequently asked questions

Can I use tallow eye cream with retinol or tretinoin?
Yes, apply prescription retinoid first to dry skin, wait 20 minutes, then apply this cream as a buffer. The biomimetic lipids reduce flaking and burning. On retinoid nights skip the rosehip variant (use the simple variant instead) to avoid stacking too much retinoic acid on the thinnest skin on your face.
Will tallow eye cream cause milia?
Rarely, when applied too thick. Use only a rice-grain amount; apply at night only; gently exfoliate the area with a damp washcloth in the morning. If milia persist after 4 weeks, switch to a thinner serum.
How long until I see fewer fine lines?
Hydration improvement is visible the first morning. Crepey-texture softening takes 2-3 weeks. Measurable fine-line reduction from the rosehip retinoic acid takes 8-12 weeks of consistent nightly use.
Is it safe to use on the eyelid itself?
Apply only to the orbital bone, not the eyelid. The eyelid is even thinner skin and the cream can migrate into the eye, causing temporary blur and irritation. If you must moisturize the lid, use a single tap of plain jojoba.
Can I use it morning and night?
Yes. Most users see fastest results applying twice daily for 6 weeks then reducing to nightly. Always pair morning use with SPF 30+.
Will it help dark circles?
Pigmentation-based dark circles soften over 6-8 weeks from carotenoids brightening surrounding skin. Vascular dark circles (blood vessels showing through thin skin) will not respond to topical creams, those need professional treatment like laser or PRP.
Does it work on crow's feet?
Yes, this is what rosehip's trans-retinoic acid is best at. Eight to twelve weeks of nightly use produces visible softening of fine etched lines at the outer corners. Deeper dynamic lines (from squinting/smiling) need additional intervention like Botox to fully smooth.
Can I use it under my contact lenses?
Apply at least 15 minutes before inserting lenses. Essential oil residue can transfer to lenses and cause significant irritation. Consider the unscented variant if you wear lenses daily.
Is tallow comedogenic for the eye area?
Tallow scores 2/5 on the comedogenic scale, moderate. The eye area has very few sebaceous glands so comedone risk is lower than on the T-zone. If you tend to get milia, use a smaller amount and avoid layering thick products on top.
Why not just use a serum like hyaluronic acid?
HA serums add water but don't replace the lipids that are missing in mature or sun-damaged eye skin. Tallow plus rosehip rebuilds the actual barrier rather than just plumping it temporarily. Best results come from layering both, HA serum first to damp skin, this cream on top.
Can teenagers use it for puffiness?
Yes, the simple variant or the depuffing variant with caffeine. Skip frankincense on younger skin that's still developing its barrier. Address sleep, screen time, and salt intake too, those drive teenage puffiness more than topicals.
What if it gets in my eye?
Rinse with cool water for 60 seconds. Tallow itself is non-toxic; essential oils can sting briefly but are not eye-damaging at the dilutions in this recipe. If irritation persists more than 30 minutes or vision blurs, see an eye-care provider.
Can men use it?
Yes, male eye-area skin loses collagen at a slightly slower rate than female skin but is still the first place to show aging. The simple or anti-aging variants are excellent. Apply with the ring finger; pat, don't rub.
Why does my batch have a slightly different color?
Rosehip carotenoid concentration varies by harvest year and pressing technique. Tallow color varies with breed and pasture. Both are normal. As long as scent is fresh, color variation is cosmetic.
Can I add hyaluronic acid directly to the cream?
No, hyaluronic acid needs water to function and this is an anhydrous cream. Apply HA serum to damp skin first, then the cream over the top. The cream then traps the HA's water against the skin.
How is this different from the face cream recipe?
The eye cream is half the volume (smaller jar = fresher product), skips jojoba (which can sting in the eye), and uses a higher rosehip-to-tallow ratio for stronger retinoic acid delivery to thinner skin. The face cream is the right base if you want one product for both areas, just apply more carefully around the eyes.
Can I use it on my smile lines too?
Yes, the same lipid + retinoic acid action works on any fine-line area. For deeper smile lines, use the anti-aging intensive variant nightly for 12 weeks.

Sources

  1. [1] Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., et al. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1(4), 327-348. Read source →
  2. [2] Pappas, A. (2009). Epidermal surface lipids. Dermato-endocrinology, 1(2), 72-76. Read source →
  3. [3] Han, X., Rodriguez, D., & Parker, T. L. (2017). Biological activities of frankincense essential oil in human dermal fibroblasts. Biochimie Open, 4, 31-35. Read source →
  4. [4] Lin, T. K., Zhong, L., & Santiago, J. L. (2018). Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1), 70. Read source →
  5. [5] Dhaliwal, S., et al. (2019). Prospective, randomized, double-blind assessment of topical bakuchiol and retinol for facial photoaging. British Journal of Dermatology, 180(2), 289-296. Read source →
About the author

Miles Carter

Holistic Chef & DIY Skincare Formulator

This recipe was developed and tested by Miles Carter over 9 batches. Last verified April 15, 2026. More from Miles →